Teeth for excavating dippers and the like



March 11, 1930.

w. E. MILEY TEETH FOR EXCAVA'IING DIPPERS AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 17, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 I? 5 MILE).

March 11, 1930. w. E. MILEY TEETH FOR EXCAVATING DIPPERS AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 17. 1926 ATTORNEY March 11, 1930. w. E. MILEY TEETH FOR EXCAVATING DIPPERS AND THE LIKE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 1'7, 1926 ATTOI-VNEK INVENTOE. WALTER E. M/LEY March 11, 1930. w MILEY 135351 11 6 TEETH FOR EXCAVATING DIPPERS AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 17, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 /N VE N TOR.

WALTER E. M/LEX V A TTORNEY Patented Mar. 11, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WALTER EDWARD MILEY, OF MARION, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE MARION STEAM SHOVEL COMPANY, OF MARION, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO TEETH FOR EXCAVATING DIPIERS AND THE LIKE Application filed August 17, 1926. Serial No. 129,842.

This invention relates to teeth for excavating dippers andthe like and is designed more particularly for use on the excavating dippers of power shovels.

The dipper of a power shovel is usually provided with a plurality of teeth spaced apart across the forward edge of the front of the dipper. These teeth extend forwardly from the forward edge of the dipper front 0 for a considerable distance and each tooth has a rearwardly extending portion arranged beneath the dipper front, sothat the forward edge of the front is arranged at a distance from the forward end of the tooth and from the lower surface of the tooth and will pass over, without removing, considerable quantities of material which lies between the paths ofthe teeth. WVhen the dipper is in its fully retracted position and is resting upon the points of the teeth the dipper front is in an inclined position with relation to the surface of the work and theforward edge thereof is spaced such a distance from said surface that it will pass over relatively large quantitles of materiallying between the paths of the teeth. As the dipper is advanced during the excavating operation the front will assume a position approximately parallel with the surface of the work but even in this position the forward edge of the dipper front is spaced from the surface of the work a distance corresponding to the thickness of the lower portions of the teeth and will pass.

over considerable quantities of material. As aresult the surface of the work is left in a rough condition with relatively large quantities of loose material thereon and in many classes of exacavating work, such as street and road work, this is highly ojectionable and it is necessary that the surface be smoothed and the loose material removed by means other than the dipper. Further, the forward edge of the dipper front functions as a cutter and is therefore subject to severe wear which makes it necessary to renew the same at more or less frequent intervals.

One object of the invention is to provide an excavating dipper having devices supported by the dipper teeth and arranged in advance of the dipper front, at the sides of the teeth, to protect the dipper front from wear.

A further object of the invention is to provide such an excavating dipper in which the projecting devices will also serve as supplemental cutters.

A further object of the invention is to pro vide dipper teeth having supplemental cutters so arranged that the cutting edges thereof will at all times lie close to the surface of the work and will remove practically all of the material lying between the paths of theteeth, thus leaving the work with a smooth clean surface; and which will protect the dipper front from wear.

A further object of the invention is to provide dipper teeth with supplemental cutters which can be adjusted to compensate for wear and to maintain its cutting edge in the desired relation to the tooth; and which may be renewed at will.

. A further object of the invention is to provide dipper teeth of this character which will be of a simple construction, inexpensive to manufacture and which may be applied to standard dipper fronts without modifications thereof.

Other objects of the invention will appear as thedevice is described in detail.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a plan view of a tooth embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of such a tooth, partly broken away and showing the dipper front in section; Fig. 3 is a frontelevation of a portion of a dipper front showing the same equipped with teeth embodying my in vention; Fig. i is a side elevation of a portion of a tooth showing a modified embodiment of the invention; Fig. 5 is a plan view of portions of two teeth showing the same equipped with an adjustable supplemental cutter; Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig.

5; Fig. 7 is a detail view of the adjustable supplemental cutter; Fig. 8 is a plan view of portions of two teeth showing a modified arrangement of the supplemental cutter; and Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on the line 9--9 of Fig. 8.

In these drawings I have illustrated certain embodiments of my invention and have shown the same as applied in each instance to a two-part tooth of the type shown and described in my Patent N 0. 1,697,536, granted Jan. 1, 1929. It will be understood, however, that these particular embodiments have been chosen for the purpose of illustration only and that the invention may take various forms and may be applied to dipper teeth of various kinds.

In that form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown the same as applied to a two-part tooth comprising a base 1 and a point 2 detachably secured to said base. The base of the tooth has'a rearwardly extending lower portion 3 and a rearwardly extendin upper portion 4 spaced apart to receive etween them; the forward 'ortion of the dipper front 5, which is rigidlj secured to the tooth by means of one or more rivets 6 extending through the same and through the upper and lower portions of the tooth. The base of the tooth also has a forwardly extending central portion 7 provided in both sides thereof with recesses 8. The point 2 of the tooth has rearwardly extending portions or arms 9 spaced apart to receive between them the central forwardly extending portion 7 of the base and each arm has an inwardly extending lug 10 adapted to enter the respective recess 8 in the base. After the lugs have been inserted in the recesses the point of the tooth is moved to the position shown in Fig. 2 and is rigidly secured in that position by means of a bolt 11. The base of the tooth also has forwardly extending arms 12, the forward portions of which contact with the respective sides of the point 2 and brace the same against lateral strain.

In applying the invention to a tooth of this character I prefer to utilize the forwardly extending arms 12 as supports for the protect ing devices or supplemental cutters and to this end I have mounted upon the forward portions of these arms devices or plates 13 which extend laterally from the teeth, are rigidly secured to the arms, and, if desired, may be formed integral therewith. In the construction here illustrated the devices 13 are of such a character as to constitute both guards and cutters and to this end the forward edge of each plate is beveled to provide a cutting edge, as shown at 14, and this cutting edge is arranged close to the lower surface of the point of the tooth, it being in the resentinstance, substantially flush with said ower surface. The cutter extends upwardly and rearwardly from the cutting edge thereof and terminates adjacent to and preferably in front of the forward edge of the dipper front 5. The cutting edge is arranged a short distance in the rear of the forward edge of the point of the tooth and will therefore be at all times close to the surface of the work, because even when the "dipper front is at its greatest inclination to the surface of the work this cutting edge will be spaced but a short distance from that surface. WVhen the dipper front is substantially parallel with the surface of the work the cutting edge of the supplemental cutter will be in contact with the surface of the work. The supplemental cutters are of such width that the combined width of the cutters on adjacent teeth will substantially bridge the space between said teeth so as to remove all the material lying between the teeth. It is not necessary, however, that the adjacent edges of the cutters should be in contact one with the other and I prefer that the width of the teeth should be such that under normal conditions there will be a suflicient clearance between the edges thereof to take care of any variations in the width or positions of the teeth or supplemental cutters, thus avoiding the necessity of close work in the manufacture of the teeth. It will be apparent that the arrangement of the supplemental cutters is such that they will remove and deliver to the dipper practically all of the material lying between the paths of the teeth, thus leaving the work with a'smooth clean surface; and, further, that they will relieve the dipper front of its cutting function and practically eliminate the wear thereon.

The guards or cutters may be arranged in various positions and in Fig. 4 I have shown supplemental cutters mounted on the point of the tooth instead of on the base thereof. The tooth shown in this figure has a base substantially similar to that above described but the point 15 of the tooth is of a type known as the duck bill tooth. It is, however, mounted on the base in substantially the same manner as the V-shaped point of the tooth of Figs. 1 and 2. The supplemental cutters are applied to both sides of the tooth, but only one of these cutters is shown. This cutter is in the form of a blade or wing extending laterally from the point and rigidly secured thereto. If desired, it may be formed integral with the point. The arrangement and operation of the supplemental cutter are subs'tantially the same as the arrangement and operation of the cutter 13 above described. It will be obvious that a supplemental cutter, such for "example as that shown at 16 in Fig. 4, may be applied to teeth of various kinds whether they consist of one part or a plurality of parts and that when so applied the cutters will function in substantially the same manner as has been described.

Ihe supplemental cutters are subject to severe wear and in the course of time the cutting edges thereof may wear away to such an extent that they will no longer occupy the desired positions with relation tot-he tooth. In order that a cutting edge may be provided in the desired position wit-h relation to the tooth throughout the life of the latter the supplemental cutter may be made adjustable-and renewable. In Figs. 5, 6 and 7 I have shown one arrangement of adj ustable cutter and have shown the same as applied to the base of a two-part tooth similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In this construction I have provided a single cutter between adjacent teeth and have made this cutter of a suflicient width to remove all the material lying between the teeth. As here shown the forwardly extending arms 12 of the base are utilized to support the supplemental cutter and to this end each of these arms is provided withan inclined plate 17 arranged in much the same position as the supplemental cutters of Figs. 1 and 2 but these blades instead of functioning as cutters serve as supports for a supplemental cutter. The lateral edges of the supporting plates 17 on adjacent teeth are arranged close together and each is provided in its upper surface with a recess 18 which opens through the lateral edge thereof so that the recesses in the two plates combine to form a single wide recess in the supporting structure as a whole. The adjustable cutter is in the form of a blade 19 and has near its rear end a downwardly extending or depressed portion 20 which extends into the recesses 18 of the supporting plates and is capable of longitudinal movement therein. The depressed portion ofthe blade has a longitudinal central slot 21 which registers with an opening 22 which is formed in the supporting structure by providing the lateral edge of each supporting plate 17 with a substantially semicircular recess. A bolt 23 extends through the slot 21 and the opening 22 and serves to rigidly secure the cutter blade in position on the supporting structure, the head of the bolt being seatedin the longitudinal recess formed in the upper surface of the blade bydepressing the .portion 20. In order to positively lock the blade against longitudinal movement, due to the thrust thereon during the excavating operation, the blade and the supporting structure are provided with interlocking parts which are held in interlock ing relation .by the bolt 23. As here shown, the supporting plates 17 are provided, adjacent to the arms 12, with series of notches 25 and the cutter blade has at each side thereof and near the rear end thereof depending projections or teeth 26 adapted to enter the notches 25. It will be apparent, therefore, that when the cutting edge of the blade is worn away to such an extent that it would be objectionable the bolt 23 may be loosened and the blade advanced a distance equal to one or more of the notches 25 and the bolt then again tightened down toilock the blade in that position. In this manner the cutting edge of the blade may be maintained in the desired relation to the tooth until the forward portion of the blade has been entirely consumed. If this happens before the tooth itself is worn out the blade may be removed and the new blade substituted therefor.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown an adjustable blade carried by the points of the teeth in-.

stead of by the bases thereof. The teeth here shown are of the duck bill type and the construction of the tooth as a whole is substantially that shown in Fig. 4. The point 15 of the tooth has at each side thereof a laterally projecting inclined part or rib 27. Preferably the ribs are relatively narrow and each has an outwardly extending lug 28, the lugs being of such a width that those between adjacent teeth will lie close one to the other and each is provided with a recess 29, the two recesses cooperating to form a bolt hole through the supporting structure. Each rib 27 has near its rear end a series of notches 30. The cutter blade 31 is substantially similar in construction to that shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, and has a downwardly extending portion 32 which is confined between the ribs or parts 27 and also has a longitudinal slot 33 and a tooth or lug 3 1 at each edge thereof to engage the notches in the respective supporting ribs 27. A bolt 35 extends through the slot 83 and opening 29 to secure the blade in position on the supporting structure.

The operation and function of the parts carried by the dipper teeth will be readily understood from the foregoing description and it will be apparent that when arranged as shown in the drawings these parts will serve both as guards for the dipper front and as supplemental cutters to remove material lying between the teeth. It will be understood, however, that while I prefer that these parts should have the two functions mentioned this is not essential to an embodiment of the invention and the parts may have either function without the other. It will be further apparent that inasmuch as the parts extend outwardly from the outermost [teeth on each side of the front, as well as between the adjacent teeth, substantially all portions of the front which are not covered by the dipper teeth will be protected by these parts.

While I have shown and described certain embodiments of my invention I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the details thereof as various modifications may occur to a person skilled in the art.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A tooth for an excavating dipper or the like comprising a base and a point, said point being formed separate from said base and dctachably secured thereto, and a laterally extending part carried by one member of said tooth and arranged alongside of said point in advance of said base, the forward edge of said part constituting a cutting edge.

2. A tooth for an excavating dipper or the like comprising a base and a point, said point being formed separate from said base being'separate from said base and detachably secured thereto, an upwardly and rearwardly inclined supplemental cutter carried by said base and having a transverse cutting edge in advance of said base and near the lower suri face of said point.

4. A tooth for an excavating dipper or the like comprising a base and a point, said point being separate from said base and detachably secured thereto, and a supplemental cutter carried by said base, extending forwardly therefrom alongside of said point and having a cutting edge near the lower surface of said point and extending upwardly and rearwardly from said cutting edge.

5. A tooth for an excavating dipper or the like comprising a base and a point, said point being separate from said base and detachably secured thereto, said base having arms extending forwardly therefrom on the opposite sides of said point, and supplemental cutters carried by said arms.

6.- The combination with. an excavating dipper, a plurality of teeth secured to the front of said dipper and spaced one from the other, each of said teeth comprising a base and a separate point detachably secured to said base, of laterally'extending plates carried by said base and projecting forwardly therefrom along the respective sides of' said tooth, the plates between adjacent teeth having their outer edges arranged close one to the ot er 7. In an excavating dipper, a. plurality of teeth secured to the front of said dipper with their lower surfaces below the level thereof and spaced one from the other, each of said teeth having parts on the respective sides thereof forming supports, and supplemental cutters arranged between adjacent teeth andv rigidly supported by the respective supports with their cutting edges adjacentto-the lower surfaces of the respective teeth.

8'. In an excavating dipper, a plurality of teeth secured to the front of said dipper and spaced one from the other, each of said teeth having an integral part extending laterally therefrom, and upwardly andrearwardly ininclined plates arranged between adjacent teeth, carried by therespective laterally extending parts and having their forward edges near the lower surfaces of said teeth.

9. The combination with an excavating dipper and a plurality of teeth secured to the front of said dipper and spaced one'from the other, each of said teeth having its lower s'urfacebelow the level of said dipper front, of supplemental cutters carried by and arranged between adjacent teeth in advance of the front of said dipper with their cutting edges adjacent to the lower surfaces of the respective teeth.

10. The combination with an excavating dipper and a plurality of teeth secured to the front of said dipper and spaced one from the other, each of said teeth having its lower surface below the level of the front of said dipper, of supplemental cutters extending laterally from said teeth in advance of said dipper front with their cutting edges adjacent to the lower surfaces of the respective teeth, the supplemental cutters of adjacent teeth being of a combined width substantially equal to the space between said teeth.

11. The combination with an excavating dipper and a plurality of teeth secured to the front of said dipper and spaced one from the other, each of said teeth having its lower surface below the level of the front of said dipper, of laterally extending supplemental cutters carried by said teeth, each supplemental cutter having a cutting edge near the lower surface of its tooth and extending upwardly and rearwardly to a point adjacent to the for ward edge of said dipper front, the supplemental cutters between adjacent teeth being arranged with their adjacent edges close one to the other.

12. An excavating dipper having a plurality of teeth secured to the front thereof,

each of said teeth having its lower surface 1 below the level of said dipper front and having parts extending laterally therefrom in advance of said dipper front, the laterally extend-ing parts between adjacent teeth having their adjacent edges arranged close one to the other and having their forward edges adjacent to the lower surfaces of the respective teeth.

13.. A tooth for an excavating dipper or the like adapted to be secured to the front of a dipper with its lower surface below the level of said dipper front, said tooth having a part supported thereby and extending laterally therefrom, the forward edge of said laterally extending part being arranged adjacent to the lower surface of said tooth and constituting a cutting edge.

14. In a tooth for an excavating dipper or the like adapted to be secured to the front of the dipper with its lower surface below the level of said dipper front, said tooth having a supplemental cutter formed integral therewith, extending laterally therefrom and having a transverse cutting edge near the lower surface of said tooth.

15. A tooth for an excavating dipper or the like adapted to be secured to the front of a dipper with its lower surface below the level of said dipper front, said tooth having supplemental cutters supported on the respective sides thereof, each of said cutters having a transverse cutting edge extending laterally from said tooth near the lower surface thereof, said cutter extending upwardly and rearwardly from said cutting edge.

16. I11 an excavating dipper or the like having a plurality of teeth secured to the front thereof, spaced one from the other and each having its lower surface below the level of said dipper front, parts carried by said dipper teeth, arranged in advance of said dipper front and extending from points near the lower surfaces of the respective teeth to points adjacent to the forward edge of said dipper front.

17. In an excavating dipper or the like having a plurality of teeth secured to the front thereof, spaced one from the other and each having its lower surfaces below the level of said dipper front, parts secured to and extending laterally from both sides of each of said dipper teeth, arranged in advance of said dipper front and extending from points near the lower surfaces of the respective teeth to points adjacent to the forward edge of said dipper front.

18. In an excavating dipper or the like, a

plurality of teeth spaced apart along the forward edge of the front of said dipper, each of said teeth comprising a base and a point, the base being secured to said dipper front and the point being formed separate from said base and detachably secured thereto, one member of each tooth having a part extending laterally therefrom, having its forward edge adjacent to the lower surface of said tooth and having its rear portion adjacent to the forward edge of said dipper front.

19. In an excavating dipper or the like, a plurality of teeth spaced apart along the forward edge of the front of said dipper, each of said teeth comprising a base and a point, the base being secured to said dipper front and the pointbeing formed separate from said base and detachably secured thereto, the base of each tooth having a laterally extending part the forward portion of which is arranged alongside the point of said tooth with its forward edge adjacent to the lower surface of said point and the rear portion of which is arranged adjacent to the forward edge of said dipper front.

20. In an excavating dipper a plurality of teeth secured to the front of said dipper and spaced one from the other, each of said teeth having a part extending laterally from each side thereof, upwardly and rearwardly inclined supplemental cutters carried by'said laterally extending parts between adjacent teeth and having their forward edges adjacent to the lower surfaces of said teeth.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature hereto.

WALTER E. MILEY. 

